Pathway Selector - BioTheRos - www.biotheros.eu

Feedstock	Technology	Product	TRL	Description
Forestry residues	Pyrolysis	Kerosine	4 - 5	Within the BioTheRos project, BTG validates the full value chain from biomass to sustainable drop-in biofuels via pyrolysis at TRL 5 level. The value chain consists of the following steps: biomass drying and sizing, pyrolysis, and upgrading of the pyrolysis oil to Kerosine, BioDiesel and Naphtha. The main components for the experimental validation (currently at TRL 4) are a pyrolysis pilot plant and a fixed bed reactor for bio-oil upgrading, whose operating conditions will be optimised during the project (TRL 5).
		BioDiesel
		Naphtha

List of plants that implement pyrolysis for production of bio-oil. However, none of these produce pyrolysis oil for upgrading to transport fuels [1].

Organisation	Country	Technology	Feedstock
Pyrocell	Sweden	BTG-BTL - Rotating cone	Sawmill by-products (dry wood residues in form of sawdust)
Green Fuel Nordic	Finland	BTG-BTL - Rotating cone	Sawmill by-products and biostem
Twence / EMPYRO	The Netherlands	BTG-BTL - Rotating cone	Woody crumbles and fines (byproducts from pellet handling and storage)
Savon Voima Joensuu	Finland	VTT Fluid bed / riser	Forestry residues and other wood-based biomass
AE Cote-Nord Bioenergy	Canada	Ensyn Fluid bed / riser	Woody biomass, sawmill residues
Red Arrow	USA	Ensyn Fluid bed / riser	Other
Kerry Group plc	Canada	Ensyn Fluid bed / riser	Forestry residues
Genting	Malaysia	BTG - Rotating cone	Palm mill residues (empty fruit bunches)
KiOR	USA	Catalytic fast pyrolysis	Woodchips

[1] Detailed descriptions of each plant can be found at the following links:

Pyrowiki Commercial Plants: http://pyrowiki.pyroknown.eu/index.php/Commercial_plants

IEA Bioenergy Task 34 Fast Pyrolysis Demoplant Databasehttps://task34.ieabioenergy.com/fast-pyrolysis-demoplant-database/

Residue	Technology	Product	TRL	Description
Forestry residues	Gasification +FT	FT-Diesel	TRL 3-5	Within the BioTheRos project, BEST validates the full value chain from forestry residues to Fischer-Tropsch (FT) raw products at overall TRL 3-5 level. Gasification tests are carried out in a 1 MW advanced Dual Fluidized Bed Steam Gasifier (TRL 5-6) and in a downstream 250 kW Slurry FT Reactor (TRL 4-5) at the Syngas Platform in Vienna. The focus of technical developments is the (fine) gas cleaning section. Commercially available processes are highly resource-intensive, prompting the exploration of alternative options, such as temperature swing adsorption for sulfur and BTX removal (TRL 4-9). The produced FT-crude is characterized for its usage as advanced biofuel (FT-Diesel, FT-SAF, FT-Naphtha). For the FT waxes upgrading BEST and CERTH target the advancement from TRL 3 to TRL 5. Tests of optimal operating conditions in a small-scale hydrotreatment plant (TRL 3) are followed by upscaling and validation in a pilot-scale plant (TRL 5).
Forestry residues	Gasification +FT	FT-SAF
Forestry residues	Gasification +FT	FT-Naphtha
Forestry residues	Gasification +FT	FT-Waxes

List of plants (operational and non-operational) that implement gasification for advanced biofuel production [1]:

Organisation	Country	Technology	Feedstock
BioTfueL TOTAL	France	Torrefaction + gasification in Entrained flow reactor	Lignocellulosic biomass (straw, forest waste, dedicated energy crops)
bioliq® of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology	Germany	High pressure entrained flow gasifier	Agriculture residues (Cereal Straw), forestry residues
Velocys bayou fuels	USA	Gasifier + own Fischer-Tropsch reactor	Forestry residues
Advanced Bioenergy Lab ABL Zeltweg	Austria	Dual Fluidised Bed gasifier + FT upgrading	Biomass residues
FULCRUM Bioenergy - Sierra	USA	TRI Indirectly heated gasifier (heat pipes)	Organic landfill waste
GoBiGas	Sweden	FICB bed gasifier, provided by Repotec/Valmet	Wood pellets, wood chips, bark
Biorefinery Ostrand	Sweden	Entrained flow gasification combined with torrefaction	Sawdust, bark
DG Fuels - Lousiana	USA	Technology provided by Nextchem	Sugar cane residues

[1] Detailed descriptions of each plant can be found at the following links:
IEA Bioenergy Task 33: Status report on gasification of biomass and waste – Research special; Annex 3 and Annex 4, https://task33.ieabioenergy.com/projects/;
IEA Bioenergy Task 39 Database on facilities for the production of advanced liquid and gaseous biofuels for transport https://demoplants.best-research.eu/

Residue	Technology	Product	TRL	Description
Woodchips	Gasification +FT	FT-Diesel	TRL 3-6	Within the BioTheRos project, BEST validates the full value chain from woodchips to Fischer-Tropsch (FT) raw products at overall TRL 3-6 level. At the Syngas Platform plant in Vienna, demonstration of the woodchips gasification process is carried out in a 1 MW advanced Dual Fluidized Bed Steam Gasifier (TRL 6), followed by a downstream step in a 250 kW Slurry FT Reactor (TRL 4-5). The focus of technical developments is the (fine) gas cleaning section. Commercially available processes are highly resource-intensive, prompting the exploration of alternative options, such as temperature swing adsorption for sulfur and BTX removal (TRL 4-9). The produced FT-crude is characterized for its usage as advanced biofuel (FT-Diesel, FT-SAF, FT-Naphtha). For the FT waxes upgrading BEST and CERTH target the advancement from TRL 3 to TRL 5. Tests of optimal operating conditions in a small-scale hydrotreatment plant (TRL 3) are followed by upscaling and validation in a pilot-scale plant (TRL 5). Thanks to prior experiences with the testing of woodchips gasification at the Syngas Platform plant, woodchips can be used as a reference for comparing results obtained with others feedstocks.
Woodchips	Gasification +FT	FT-SAF
Woodchips	Gasification +FT	FT-Naphtha
Woodchips	Gasification +FT	FT-Waxes

List of plants (operational and non-operational) that implement gasification for biofuel production [1]:

Organisation	Country	Technology	Feedstock
BioTfueL TOTAL	France	Torrefaction + gasification in Entrained flow reactor	Lignocellulosic biomass (straw, forest waste, dedicated energy crops)
bioliq® of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology	Germany	High pressure entrained flow gasifier	Agriculture residues (Cereal Straw), forestry residues
Velocys bayou fuels	USA	Gasifier + own Fischer-Tropsch reactor	Forestry residues
Advanced Bioenergy Lab ABL Zeltweg	Austria	Dual Fluidised Bed gasifier + FT upgrading	Biomass residues
FULCRUM Bioenergy - Sierra	USA	TRI Indirectly heated gasifier (heat pipes)	Organic landfill waste
GoBiGas	Sweden	FICB bed gasifier, provided by Repotec/Valmet	Wood pellets, wood chips, bark
Biorefinery Ostrand	Sweden	Entrained flow gasification combined with torrefaction	Sawdust, bark
DG Fuels - Lousiana	USA	Technology provided by Nextchem	Sugar cane residues

[1] Detailed descriptions of each plant can be found at the following links:
IEA Bioenergy Task 33: Status report on gasification of biomass and waste – Research special; Annex 3 and Annex 4, https://task33.ieabioenergy.com/projects/;
IEA Bioenergy Task 39 Database on facilities for the production of advanced liquid and gaseous biofuels for transport https://demoplants.best-research.eu/

Pyrolysis & Gasification Pathway Selector

Pyrolysis

Gasification